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REFLECTIONS
Dyslipidaemia
Dyslipidaemia Global Newsletter #5 2023

Metabolic risk factors of CVD included high fasting plasma
glucose, high LDL-C, high SBP, high BMI, and kidney Age-Standardized Rate (ASR) Dyslipidaemia
dysfunction. Numbers and age-standardized rates (ASR) of The age-standardized mortality rate is a weighted
disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and deaths were extracted average of the age-specific mortality rates per 100,000
and stratified by sex, age, Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) level, persons, where the weights are the proportions of
country, and region. persons in the corresponding age groups of the WHO
standard population.

The authors studied the top three diseases in CVD mortality Disability-Adjusted Life-Years (DALY)
attributable to metabolic factors, including ischaemic heart One DALY represents the loss of the equivalent of
disease, ischaemic stroke, and cerebral haemorrhage. one year of full health. DALYs for a disease or health
condition are the sum of the years of life lost to due to
The ASR of metabolic-attributed CVD DALYs and deaths premature mortality (YLLs) and the years lived with a
decreased by 28.0% (95% UI 23.8% to 32.5%) and 30.4% disability (YLDs) due to prevalent cases of the disease
(95% UI 26.6% to 34.5%), respectively, from 1990 to 2019. or health condition in a population.
The highest burden of metabolic-attributed total CVD and
intracerebral haemorrhage was mainly in low SDI locations, Socio-Demographic Index (SDI)
while the highest burden of ischaemic heart disease and The SDI combines information on the economy,
ischaemic stroke was mainly in high SDI locations. The authors education, and fertility rate of countries around the
discuss several reasons for this, including disparity in wealth world, as a representation of social and economic
or income, inadequate control of metabolic risk factors, and development. Health outcomes are closely tied to this
inadequate health infrastructure and access to health care, measure.
among others.

In addition, the burden of DALYs and deaths in CVD was higher in men than women, which may be attributed to sex-based differences
in biological factors, pathophysiological factors, along with differences in behavioural risk factors, such as smoking and stress.

The authors conclude that low-SDI locations should strengthen the control of metabolic factors such as high SBP, high BMI, and high
LDL-C, along with enhanced screening and prevention of metabolic risk factors of CVD in the elderly.

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